The need to incorporate new technologies for the production of chemical-free food means that we find ourselves in the need and obligation to add new sustainable products for agriculture. The growth of the organic market in the world makes the search for the use of biological products one of the challenges for the new modern agriculture.
One of the tools that are becoming more and more popular in agriculture is the use of microalgae. They are currently raising great interest since they have biostimulants, biofertilizer, and biopesticide functions and also have different forms of application in crops.
These unicellular microorganisms have gained wide acceptance, since they contain active ingredients that perform plant physiology, increasing plant growth and development, providing higher yields and quality of crops, giving more vigor to the leaves, improving resistance against climatic stress, greater assimilation of nutrients and lower incidence of pests and diseases. In addition, they are capable of generating organic biomass through CO2 and light due to their ability to carry out photosynthesis it is the main source of photosynthetic activity on the planet.
Its high beneficial capacity as biostimulators has also been demonstrated, enhancing the synthesis of chlorophyll, carotenoids, and substances present that favor the growth and regulation of the plant, such as auxins, cytokinins, betaines, gibberellins, amino acids that act on the growth and yield of crops, polysaccharides, which improve the growth of the plant as a whole and various antioxidants. Microalgae also contain macronutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K).
A new vision of the use of microalgae as Biocontrol solutions in agriculture is being developed in some research projects, where we can highlight the Algae4Control project. These projects contemplate the development of a production process that includes the isolation and characterization of different strains of microalgae in the laboratory up to the application in the field of formulations containing extracts of their metabolites with biopesticide action.
It is known that some strains of microalgae contain certain biopesticide compounds, but to date, there has been no formulation for use in agriculture, because the source of raw material is difficult to access, and whose effect has not been sufficiently contrasted and demonstrated in real conditions. In these projects, all stages of characterization, production, and application of different strains of microalgae are currently being analyzed and evaluated to provide profitable, effective, sustainable, environmentally friendly, and healthy biocontrol solutions for agriculture.
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